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「法務部廉政署106年APEC強化貪污案件揭弊者保護措施交流工作坊委託專業服務案」成果報告書
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類別：研究分析報告
出版品名稱：「法務部廉政署106年APEC強化貪污案件揭弊者保護措施交流工作坊委託專業服務案」成果報告書
研究人員：葉基仁,黃暖婷,余慕薌,鐘珮瑄
出版年月：201711
頁數：374
關鍵字：APEC, ACTWG, 揭弊者保護,反貪腐, Anti-Corruption, Whistleblower Protection
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內容摘要
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「APEC強化貪污案件揭弊者保護措施交流工作坊」於106年7月19-20日舉行，計有來自智利、印尼、日本、韓國、馬來西亞、紐西蘭、菲律賓、巴布亞紐幾內亞、新加坡、泰國、美國、越南等13個APEC經濟體官員31人、國內外專家學者13人、跨國企業、金融機構、風險稽核公司、司法實務人員等總計近百人踴躍參與。
本次工作坊的議程依循工作坊前導問卷的劃分，分別安排「公部門揭弊者保護」、「私部門揭弊者保護」、「各經濟體經驗分享」、「APEC揭弊者保護合作機制與發展」，以及「APEC揭弊者保護指導原則起草」等五個場次，期能從公部門、私部門、各經濟體經驗分享等面向多方探討，進而提出可行的各經濟體合作機制，並且訂定「APEC揭弊者保護指導原則」。
由於目前世界上公部門揭弊者保護的法制架構發展較為健全，因此在第一場次中，邀請到美國特別檢察官辦公室主管Ms.Karen GORMAN擔任主持人，高雄大學楊戊龍教授、韓國國民權益委員會（ACRC）公益揭弊調查與政策部暨反貪局局長Mr. YANG, Donghoon、法務部廉政署汪南均組長等人以小組討論（Panel discussion）型式就公部門揭弊者保護作實務分享。與會者咸認揭弊除了需要將保護揭弊者的必要元素，落實為法律制度的保障之外，各經濟體也需要建立接受揭弊的文化。
第二場次則邀請到澳洲格里菲斯大學教授Dr. Nerisa DOZO擔任主持人，由東南亞國家協會CSR網絡Mr. Thomas Thomas、西門子周炳全法務長、台積電鄭子俊副處長、韓國Ms. Young-Sun CHUNG律師，探討私部門內部的揭弊者保護機制，也針對許多公司員工因為對揭弊者保護的概念不夠了解而不敢揭弊的問題，提出實際的對治知道，以案例方式說明公司內部保護揭弊者的文化如何建立。此外，揭弊之後畢竟要有相關的法律行動配合，因此本場次也邀請法務部調查局經濟犯罪防制處伍榮春處長由證人保護的角度出發，就公部門執法單位如何介入私部門的揭弊行為提出分享。
第三場次由我國高等法院檢察署陳文琪主任檢察官擔任主持人，並由本次出席工作坊的所有經濟體逐一分享實際案例，以及案例對後續對揭弊者保護機制的影響，由此定位未來各經濟體的努力目標和方向，並從中尋找出各經濟體未來應該如何在APEC架構之下，在揭弊者保護議題上彼此合作的初步方向。
在以上的公私部門與各經濟體經驗討論之後，第四場次由台灣透明組織葉一璋常務理事主持，並邀請到Mr. Thomas THOMAS, Mr. Mark WORTH、Ms. Rebecca ROLLS、Mr. Francesco CHECCHI等具有規劃區域性揭弊者保護合作機制經驗的專家，借重他們專業而宏觀的角度，規劃出能夠順利結合公私部門及NGO力量，並且可以在現有的APEC反貪腐工作小組（ACTWG）及APEC反貪腐執法合作網絡（ACT-NET）架構之下運作的APEC揭弊者保護合作機制，專家們認為APEC需要參考其他國際組織（如G20、聯合國反貪腐公約）所制定的規範，訂定APEC揭弊者保護原則，而ACTWG和ACT-NET則可做為經驗交流的平台，並設定指標，定期衡量APEC各經濟體揭弊者保護的進展。
第五場次由交通大學科技法律學院林志潔副院長擔任主席，並邀請Dr. Nerisa DOZO、Mr. Thomas THOMAS與Mr. Mark WORTH一同與談，草擬揭弊者保護原則，內容包括揭弊者身分保密、人身安全保障、嚴重違反揭弊者保護規定須受罰、揭弊者若遭受不當對待或報復應返還其薪資、去除社會對揭弊者的污名、雇主應針對揭弊負舉證責任而非懲罰、為公益揭弊應減免揭弊者責任，以及公司、政府應有揭弊相關教育訓練等。目前原則已再度請APEC各經濟體以書面方式提供修改意見，並已完成修改，尚待採認。
The “APEC Workshop on Enhancing Whistleblower Protection in Corruption Cases” was held in Taipei on July 19-20, 2017. Around 100 people participated in the workshop. Participants include 31 APEC delegates from 13 economies (Chile, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Chinese Taipei, Thailand, the United States, and Viet Nam), 13 experts and scholars, and other professionals from multinational companies, financial institutions, risk auditing companies, and judicial officers.
Before the workshop, 13 APEC economies filled the pre-workshop questionnaire and 16 feedbacks were provided. Papua New Guinea has completed the accumulation of data and analysis by May 2017.
The results reflect that most of the APEC economies have whistleblower protection regimes. However, multiple agencies co-exist, which makes cooperation a challenge. Therefore, it is necessary to simplify the procedures so potential whistleblowers are not disadvantaged due to its complexity. Based on the pre-workshop questionnaire, the workshop was divided in 5 sessions. The brief summaries of each session are as below:
Session 1 (Whistleblower Protection in Public Sector – Legal Frameworks): The legal institution as well as the culture of whistleblower protection should be developed within the APEC economies.
Session 2 (Whistleblower Protection in Private Sector: Receiver and Giver): To address the issue of private sector employee being intimidated to whistleblow due to insufficient awareness of whistleblower protection procedures, cases on how to develop the internal culture of whistleblower protection were shard during this session. In addition, delegates from the Chinese Taipei Investigation Bureau to share experiences on public sector’s involvement to whistleblowing in private sector from witness protection perspective.
Session 3 (Economies to Share Best Practices and Experiences): All the 13 economies made their own economy reports on-
- Cases of whistleblower protection in the public and/or private sectors: causes and results
- The influence from the aforementioned cases to the current whistleblower protection mechanism
- Future objectives and directions of the development in whistleblowing protection
- Suggestions or expectations of whistleblowing protection cooperation in APEC
Session 4 (APEC Cooperation Mechanism and Development on Whistleblower Protection): It is suggested that APEC needs to refer to the Whistleblower Protection Rules in G20 Countries and UNCAC to establish the “APEC Guiding Principles for Whistleblower Protection”. ACTWG and ACT-NET can act as platforms for experience sharing. Key performance indicators should be set up to measure the progress of whistleblower protection of each APEC economy.
Session 5 (Discussion and Drafting Guiding Principles): An effective whistleblower system can help whistleblowers be more willing to come forward and provide important information hence serve as a deterrent to corruption. Therefore, we seek consensus from APEC economies to establish a set of guiding principles to identify the key elements that should be considered and contained when developing or enhancing whistleblower protection regimes. Based on the best practices of economies, internationally accepted practice, and perceptions from the workshop, the revised draft of “APEC Guiding Principles for Whistleblower Protection” will be circulated before the 25th ACTWG Meeting, which include:
-a clause on confidentiality;
-safeguard for personal safety;
-serious violation of whistleblowing protection regulations should be punished;
-the salary of whistleblowers should be returned when they are ill-treated or retaliated;
-the de-stigmatization of whistleblowers;
-the employers should prove instead of punish whistleblowing behaviors;
-the liability of public disclosure should be decreased, and
-trainings to raise awareness of whistleblowing should be implemented in public
The draft has been circulated to and requests further revisions from the APEC economies.
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目錄
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一、「106年APEC強化貪污案件揭弊者保護措施交流工作坊」行政公報
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二、「106年APEC強化貪污案件揭弊者保護措施交流工作坊」會議手冊
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三、「106年APEC強化貪污案件揭弊者保護措施交流工作坊」會議記錄
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四、「106年APEC強化貪污案件揭弊者保護措施交流工作坊」繳交APEC秘書處之期中監測報告
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五、提供APEC反貪腐暨透明化工作小組第25次常會之說帖
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六、APEC反貪腐暨透明化工作小組第25次常會暨相關會議之出國報告書
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七、本案執行效益與建議之研究專題報告
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八、「106年APEC強化貪污案件揭弊者保護措施交流工作坊」繳交APEC秘書處之期末總結報告
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1. PURPOSE 1
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2. WELCOME & INTRODUCTION 1
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3. WORKSHOP DATES AND VENUE 1
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4. PROGRAM AND LANGUAGE 1
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5. DRESS CODE 2
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6. KEY CONTACT 2
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7. REGISTRATION 3
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7.1 Workshop Registration 3
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7.2 ID Badge and Workshop Kit Issuance 3
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8. DOCUMENTATION 3
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8.1 Economy Report 3
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8.2 Document Distribution 3
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8.3 Requirements for Submission of Meeting Documents 4
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9. WORKSHOP VENUE FACILITIES 4
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9.1 Documentation Center 4
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9.2 Media Room 4
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10. ACCOMMODATION 4
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10.1 Rate and Reservation 4
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10.2 Arriving at the Grand Victoria Hotel 5
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11. WELCOME DINNER AND CULTURAL TOUR 6
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11.1 Welcome Dinner 6
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11.2 Cultural Tour 6
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12. ENTRY FORMALITIES 7
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12.1 Visa Requirements 7
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12.2 Customs Control 7
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12.3 Airport Transfer 8
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13. ALLOWANCE AND EXPENSES 8
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13.1 Allowance Principles 8
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13.2 Signing of Undertakings for APEC-funded Speakers and Participants 8
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13.3 Per-diem 9
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13.4 Reimbursement/ Advance Payment 9
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14. GENERAL INFORMATION 11
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14.1 About Chinese Taipei 11
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14.2 Useful Information 12
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Weather 12
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Time 12
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Electricity 12
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Currency 13
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Service Charge & Tax 13
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Smoking 13
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Telephone Services 13
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Insurance 14
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Mobile & Wi-Fi Networks 14
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Tourist Attraction 14
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Public Transportation in Taipei 14
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ANNEX A – TENTATIVE AGENDA 16
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ANNEX B – REGISTRATION FORM 19
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ANNEX C – ROOM RESERVATION FORM 21
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備註
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相關資訊請洽服務人員(02)2586-5000 分機237。
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