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廢棄物處理設施溫室氣體減量抵換及再生能源推動評估計畫
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類別：研究分析報告
出版品名稱：廢棄物處理設施溫室氣體減量抵換及再生能源推動評估計畫
研究人員：黃釋緯,李茗家,王滄榮,陳宥寧,郎若帆,鐘佩蓉,鄭家慧
出版年月：202305
頁數：239
關鍵字：2050淨零排放,2050 zero emission,溫室氣體盤查,Greenhouse gas inventory,廢棄物處理,Waste disposal,再生能源電廠,Renewable energy power plant
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內容摘要
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1. 評估焚化廠溫室氣體排放現況及減量抵換建議及解決方案
本計畫評估盤點我國已進行溫室氣體盤查且曾取得第三方驗證之9座焚化廠的溫室氣體排放現況，得知溫室氣體排放量與焚化處理量具有很大的相關性；另《氣候變遷因應法》112年2月15日公告實施，相關子法正在修訂當中，建議未來焚化廠申請減量抵換可根據環保署子法修訂（例如：自願減量專案及自願減量計畫等）之結果，再行評估適宜申請方案。
2. 評估地方政府推動以廢棄物轉化為燃料之再生能源發電廠過程中，其效益及各環節應注意項目
本計畫評估廢棄物轉廢為能之效益及各環節應注意項目，從政策、環境、財務及民眾接受度等面向評估結果得知，地方政府推動廢棄物發電，可以兼顧廢棄物處理及節能減碳；此外，廢棄物處理設施未來若要申設再生能源發電設備，其申設機制屬第二型再生能源發電設備，未來可於土地取得、建置作業及營運維護管理等環節，評估實務面應注意項目。
3. 研提輔導地方政府推動再生能源發電廠建議及解決方案，作為後續機制建立參考
本計畫依評估地方政府推動轉廢為能之效益結果，建議未來建立我國廢棄物處理政策推動及技術諮詢交流平台，整合中央策略規劃至各地方政府低碳淨零推動計畫，以輔導地方政府推動或支持企業建構廢棄物處理設施溫室氣體盤查能力。
4. 評估廢棄物處理設施申請溫室氣體減量抵換、再生能源憑證及實施綠電交易制度之可行性，提出建議優先申請項目及預期效益，以及推動方案及管理策略
本計畫評估廢棄物處理設施申請各項機制之可行性結果得知；以焚化廠為案例進行評估，未來若焚化廠欲申請各項機制，短期以躉購為最佳，其次是進入綠電市場，最後是申請自願減量專案，長中期則是視《氣候變遷因應法》管制強度、碳權價格增加速度、以及綠電價格降低速度，再行後續評估為佳。
1. Evaluation of the Current Situation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Incineration Plants and Suggestions and Solutions for Carbon Offsetting and Reduction
This project evaluated the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 9 incineration plants in Taiwan that have undergone GHG inventory checks and third-party verifications. The study found that GHG emissions are highly correlated with the incineration capacity. Furthermore, the "Climate Change Response Act," which was announced and implemented on February 15, 2023, and relevant sub-laws are currently being revised. It is suggested that the application for emission reduction offsets by incineration plants should be evaluated based on the sub-law’s amendments of the Environmental Protection Agency (for example: voluntary emission reduction projects and voluntary emission reduction plans) to determine the appropriate application plan.
2. Evaluation of the Benefits and Key Considerations in Local Government Promotion of Waste-to-Fuel Renewable Energy Power Plants
This project evaluated the benefits and key considerations in the process of local government promoting waste-to-fuel renewable energy power plants. The evaluation covers various aspects such as policies, environment, finance, and public acceptance. The results indicated that promoting waste-to-energy power generation can achieve both waste treatment and energy conservation and carbon reduction. Furthermore, if waste treatment facilities intend to apply for the installation of renewable energy power generation equipment in the future, the application mechanism would fall under the category of type II renewable energy power generation equipment. In the future, practical considerations should be evaluated in various aspects such as land acquisition, construction, operation, and maintenance management.
3. Recommendations and Solutions for Assisting Local Governments in Promoting Renewable Energy Power Plants, as a Reference for Establishing Subsequent Mechanisms
Based on the evaluation of the benefits of local government promotion of waste-to-energy power generation, this project recommends establishing a platform for promoting waste management policies and providing technical consultation and exchange in Taiwan. This platform will integrate government strategic planning into local government low-carbon and zero-emissions promotion plans, in order to assist local governments in promoting or supporting manufacturers to build greenhouse gas inventory capabilities for waste treatment facilities.
4. Evaluation of the feasibility of applying for greenhouse gas reduction offset, renewable energy certificates, and implementing the green energy trading system for waste treatment facilities and proposing priority application items and expected benefits, as well as promotion plans and management strategies
Based on the feasibility evaluation of various mechanisms for waste treatment facilities, the results show that, taking incineration plants as an example, if they intend to apply for various mechanisms in the future, purchasing offsets in the short term is the best option, followed by entering the green energy market, and finally applying for voluntary emission reduction projects. For the medium to long term, it is better to make a follow-up evaluation depending on the regulatory intensity of the Climate Change Response Act, the increase rate of carbon credit prices, and the rate of decline in green energy prices.
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目錄
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第一章 計畫緣起 1
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第一節 背景 1
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第二節 計畫目標及執行架構 12
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第三節 計畫進度說明 15
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第二章 評估廢棄物焚化廠溫室氣體排放現況及評估取得減量額度之可行性 17
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第一節 盤點至少6處廢棄物焚化廠（以國內24座大型焚化廠為標的）溫室氣體排放量資料，並計算其佔全國整體溫室氣體排放之比重 18
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第二節 評估廢棄物焚化廠溫室氣體排放量計算方法與排放係數不確定性數值 35
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第三節 彙整國內外廢棄物處理設施溫室氣體排放相關政策、法規及推動經驗 54
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第四節 評估廢棄物焚化廠實際申請溫室氣體減量額度各環節執行困難及應注意項目 77
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第三章 評估以廢棄物轉化為燃料之再生能源發電廠運作現況 95
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第一節 蒐集及研析國內外以廢棄物轉化為燃料之再生能源發電廠案例資料 95
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第二節 針對再生能源發電廠案例分析法規政策、申請流程、設置規模、操作維護成本、發電收入及環境與經濟效益等指定項目 110
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第三節 評估地方政府推動以廢棄物轉化為燃料之再生能源發電廠過程中，其效益及各環節應注意項目 118
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第四節 研提輔導地方政府推動再生能源發電廠建議及解決方案，作為後續機制建立參考 127
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第四章 評估廢棄物處理設施申請溫室氣體減量額度、再生能源憑證及實施綠電交易制度之關聯性、可行性及效益分析 129
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第一節 彙整廢棄物處理設施推動溫室氣體減量額度、再生能源憑證及綠電交易等制度之關聯性、可行性，並評估建議優先申請項目及預期效益 129
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第二節 研析廢棄物處理設施推動溫室氣體減量額度、再生能源憑證及綠電交易等制度，提出推動方案及管理策略 139
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第五章 綜合行政工作 145
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第一節 溫室氣體排放盤查技術交流會議 145
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第二節 派員出席相關會議 156
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第六章 結論與建議 161
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第一節 結論 161
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第二節 建議 165
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參考文獻 167
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附件一 歷次會議意見辦理情形 附件1-1
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附件二 我國24座焚化廠節能技術及效益(2021) 附件2-1
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圖目錄
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表目錄
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備註
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相關資訊請洽服務人員(02)2586-5000 分機237。
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